Casting materials are usually metals or special materials that harden when you mix them. Casting is a way to make complicated shapes that would be hard or expensive to make with other methods. Steel casting is a special kind that uses different types of steel. People use steel castings when they need more strength or resistance than what cast iron can provide.

Steel castings are divided into two groups: carbon steels and alloy steels. They're used to make various things like turbine wheels, gears, frames for trucks and trains, valve bodies, pump casings, machinery for mining, equipment for ships, turbines for turbochargers, and engine blocks.

These items come in different sizes and grades, meaning they have different chemical compositions. To make them, people use furnaces and molds. This casting process is mainly done in places like Punjab, Chhattisgarh, Uttar Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, and more.